The Java Tutorial

Welcome to

The Java Tutorial

Object-Oriented Programming for the Internet

a practical, online guide
to writing programs in the Java language
This is an online version of The Java Tutorial by Mary Campione and Kathy Walrath--a member of The Java Series. The book is 831 pages long and includes a CD-ROM. To get your copy check at your local bookstore, or you can order a copy from Addison-Wesley.

Notes:

This document was last updated 3 Mar 97.
Copyright.
Most of the information in this version of the tutorial reflects the API distributed in the 1.0.2 Java Developers Kit (JDK). A few lessons, such as the new native methods lesson, reflect the 1.1 Java Developers Kit and are marked with this icon. For information about the JDK, see the JDK home page.
For the change history of the tutorial, how to download the tutorial, and other information about this document, see About This Draft.
For information about the structure and organization of this tutorial please refer to How to Use the Tutorial.

Getting Started
The most common Java programs are applications and applets. Applications are standalone programs, such as the HotJava browser. Applets are similar to applications, but they don't run standalone. Instead, applets adhere to a set of conventions that lets them run within a Java-compatible browser. If you're using a browser that can view applets, you should see an animation just below this paragraph -- that's an applet embedded in this HTML page.

The "Hello World" Application by Kathy Walrath and Mary Campione
Start here if you want to create standalone Java applications.

The "Hello World" Applet by Kathy Walrath
Start here if you are interested in writing applets only.

What Next?
Now that you've seen how to write a Java program, you can proceed with any of the topics below.

Writing Java Programs by Mary Campione
These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that any Java programmer can use. The book version of the tutorial breaks this trail in two:

Writing Java Programs, which contains the first three lessons shown on the index page for the trail plus a new lesson on Writing Global Programs.
Using the Core Java Classes, which contains the remaining six lessons.

Writing Applets by Kathy Walrath
These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that are specific to writing Java applets.

Creating a User Interface by Kathy Walrath
Here's the information you need to create the user interface of your applet or application.

Custom Networking and Security by Mary Campione
The lessons on this trail teach you how to connect your applications and applets to the information on the Internet! Also, this trail contains a lesson that shows you how you can create an install your own security manager which can help to protect your computer and data from violation.

Integrating Native Code and Java Programs by Beth Stearns
These lessons have been completely rewritten to reflect the new JDK1.1 APIs!
These lessons show you everything you need to know to write native methods in the Java language. A native method is a Java method whose implementation is provided in another programming language such as C. This lesson includes step-by-step instructions and a comprehensive example program.

The JavaBeans(tm) Tutorial by Greg Voss
A brand new trail introducing JavaBeans!
A great new trail that will teach you all about JavaBeans. The first lesson, Introducing JavaBeans presents JavaBeans from a conceptual point of view, and introduces you to component technology, properties, methods, events, and application builder tools.
Next, Writing a Simple Bean shows you how to build simple beans.
In addition, Testing Your Beans shows how to use the BeanBox application provided with the JavaBeans Developer Kit (BDK) to test beans you have built. The BeanBox provides important feedback that lets you determine if your beans will behave as expected in third-party builder tools and application programs.

Table of Contents

	Writing Java Programs by Mary Campione These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that any Java programmer can use. The book version of the tutorial breaks this trail in two: Writing Java Programs, which contains the first three lessons shown on the index page for the trail plus a new lesson on Writing Global Programs. Using the Core Java Classes, which contains the remaining six lessons.
	Writing Applets by Kathy Walrath These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that are specific to writing Java applets.
	Creating a User Interface by Kathy Walrath Here's the information you need to create the user interface of your applet or application.
	Custom Networking and Security by Mary Campione The lessons on this trail teach you how to connect your applications and applets to the information on the Internet! Also, this trail contains a lesson that shows you how you can create an install your own security manager which can help to protect your computer and data from violation.
	Integrating Native Code and Java Programs by Beth Stearns These lessons have been completely rewritten to reflect the new JDK1.1 APIs! These lessons show you everything you need to know to write native methods in the Java language. A native method is a Java method whose implementation is provided in another programming language such as C. This lesson includes step-by-step instructions and a comprehensive example program.
	The JavaBeans(tm) Tutorial by Greg Voss A brand new trail introducing JavaBeans! A great new trail that will teach you all about JavaBeans. The first lesson, Introducing JavaBeans presents JavaBeans from a conceptual point of view, and introduces you to component technology, properties, methods, events, and application builder tools. Next, Writing a Simple Bean shows you how to build simple beans. In addition, Testing Your Beans shows how to use the BeanBox application provided with the JavaBeans Developer Kit (BDK) to test beans you have built. The BeanBox provides important feedback that lets you determine if your beans will behave as expected in third-party builder tools and application programs.

	The "Hello World" Application by Kathy Walrath and Mary Campione Start here if you want to create standalone Java applications.
	The "Hello World" Applet by Kathy Walrath Start here if you are interested in writing applets only.